hassall



(No Model.) W HASSALL 2 Sheets-Sheet '1. FURNACE FOR KILNS.

No. 508,136. Patented NOV. 7, 1893.

(No Model.) '2 sheets-sheet L,

IW. HASSALL. FURNAGB POB. KILNS.

No. 508,136; Patented Nov. v7,#L93.`

.1 l EI f V k I M/ fg Ihl FIG.5.

\ air to support combustion.

UNITED 'STATES IPATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM HASSALL, OF ASHBY-DE-LA-ZOUCH, ENGLAND.

FURNACE FOR KlLNs.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 508,136, dated November '7, 1898. Application iiled August 10, 1893. Serial No. 482 '795. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it mag/concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM *HAssALIn of Shelbrooke House,Ashby-de-la-Zouch, in the county of Leicester, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces or Fireplaces for Pottery and other Kilns, of which the followingis aspeciflcation. The object of this invention is to improve the heating of pottery and other kilns or ovens, and to this end the invention consists 1n a novel construction or arrangement of furnace or re place for use with such kilns, whereby both greater efliciency and economy in operation are obtained than heretofore.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood, I will now proceed to describe it in lfull, reference being had to the accompanylng drawings, in Which- Figure lis a partial transverse sectional elevatlon of apottery kiln, showing two furnaces or ire places constructed according to'thisV invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view, showing a slight modification in the distribution of the Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section of the furnace or re p lace, on an enlarged scale. Fig. 4L is a vertical transverse section, on the line x a, Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a similar section on the line' z z, Fig. 3.

A, Figs. 1 and 2, represents the kiln proper, which is provided with a perforated floor B, through which the hot air and gases descend to an annular flue C in the base, in connection with a chimney or exhauster. In Fig. 2, I show a central chamber D, to which cold air is introduced, and from which it passes by plpes crossing the annular flue C, to the furnaces, a number of which are arranged around the kiln in the manner well understood. All the parts so far mentioned are known.

The new furnace or fireplace is designed to burn either solid or gaseous fuel, and while combustion ofthe fuel will be greatly improved, the furnace will be under perfect control, when in operation, so that the attendant will be able with facility to regulate the temperature, according to requirements. Hith-y erto the results of using gaseous fuel have not been satisfactory, the chief objection being that it more or less blows and stains the goods, thus causing waste and loss.

By my present invention, I overcome the diiiiculties previously experienced in gas firing; in fact, the new furnace or fire place becomes practically, when solid fuel is used, a gas producer, and the gas produced is mixed in a suitable manner with air, and is burned as it enters the iiue or bag in the kiln.

Referring now to the furnace, E is a rectangular lire chamber, formed of suitable material, say re brick, with an opening F atits lower part, at back, to a flue or bag G of the kiln. Across the top, at the back, and for a short distancedownward, on bothsides, is a chamber H, in connection with the fire chamber E, by the opening J. The chamberv H may also communicate with the fire chamber E by the small perforations K in the sides and back thereof.

L are air chambers placed one on each side of the tire chamber, and communicating therewith by the perforations L in the walls, and to these chambers L, air is conveyed from outside the furnace by the passages a a., which are provided with means whereby the admission of the air may be regulated, or entirely shut o, as desired.

c c are other air passages, which open at one end to the air, and at the other end to the other part of the lire chamber, and close to the opening J. These passages are also provided with means to regulate the supply. The air, on entering the re chamber E by these passages c c, divides, one part being drawn downward acrossthe fire, to produce combustion of the fuel, thus also serving to draw the heat away from, and to keep the front of the furnace cool, and the other part passing by the opening J into the chamber H. A comparatively small portion of this air passes into the re chamber E by the smallopenings K, but the bulk, which has become highly heated by contact with the walls of the re chamber, passes downward behind the iire chamber, and escapes by the passages K', at the bottom of the chamber H, into the opening F, where it meets with the carbonic oxide and other in iiammable gases produced from the burning fuel, and causes these later to burst into flame, producing thereby intense heat in the kiln,

without smoke.

M are the fire bars, or, it may be, a perforated plate, and N is the ash pit, which is provided with doors or other means whereby IOO it may be closed and rendered air-tight, when the ire lighted on the grate has burned up. The air supply then to the re takes place only by the passages a a and c c, and can be regulated to a nicety.

O is a suitable door by which the solid fuel is supplied to the furnace, and P is a similar door to the fire place. When gaseous fuel is used, the gas will be introduced to the ashpit in any convenient manner, the perforated plate M before mentioned serving as a distributer.

In Fig. 2, the air supply passages a connect with the central air chamber D, instead of with the outer air, and in order to prevent the stoppage of the air supply, by fuel dust falling into the passages a through the openings in the wall, I prefer that they shall enter the side of the chamber L,instead of the bottom, as in Figs. 1,3, 4, and 5. In these figures, the passages being open to the air, any accumulations can easily be raked out.

1. The combination with a kiln, oven, or the like, of a furnace having ahrc-chamber open at back, at its lower part, to the kiln flue or bag, an air chamber in either side wall, suitably supplied with hot or cold air, an air supply on either side to the upper part of the fire chamber, a chamber H extending over the top, and partly at the back and sides of the fire-chamber, and communicating therewith by an opening J, and by the restricted openings K, and also with the gas exit F by the passages K', and an ash pit N,provided with air tight doors, all substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a furnace or fire place for kilns and the like, the combination with an inlet for air on either side and near the top, of a chamber over the top and partly at the sides and back of the fire chamber, the said chamber communicating with the fire chamber at top by an opening in the crown, and at bottom by the passages K', as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a furnace or lire place for kilns and the like, the combination with an exit for gas at the lower part of the furnace,of achamber over the top and partly at the sides and back of the fire-chamber, and communicating with the gas exit by the passages K and with the lire chamber by an opening in the crown, as and for the purpose setl forth.

WILLIAM HASSALL.

Witnesses:

HENRY M. HOWARD, LEWIS W. GODFREY, Both of Woorlville, naar Burton-on-Trent. 

